來源:中考網(wǎng)整合 2010-05-31 17:44:49
初一英語重點(diǎn)總結(jié)(一)重點(diǎn)匯集
BOOK 1
1.call at 打電話給某人;訪問
e.g. Please call Jenny ___ 536-4428. (注:call sb. at phone number)
2.冠詞a與an的區(qū)別:a用于輔音音標(biāo)前;an用于元音音標(biāo)前。(判斷的關(guān)鍵在于一個(gè)單詞的首字母的發(fā)音音標(biāo))
e.g.—Is this ___ ID card. (注:ID的首字母發(fā)音音標(biāo)為【ai】,元音。)
—No. It’s ____ school ID card.(注:school的首字母發(fā)音音標(biāo)為【s】,輔音)
3.●am\is\are三者的動(dòng)詞原型為be.
●三者相對(duì)應(yīng)的人稱為:第一人稱I用am; 第二人稱you以及第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we以及第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)those、these、they\復(fù)數(shù)名詞如teachers\trees等用are;第三人稱he\she\it\this\that或單數(shù)名詞如a boy\ an apple\the bird等用is.
●當(dāng)am\is\are三者位于不定式to或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can\may后之時(shí),要還原其動(dòng)詞原形 be.
e.g. 1. A blue notebook and a ruler___ in the lost and found case. (注:兩者或兩者以上的可數(shù)名詞都為復(fù)數(shù)。且除了I\you的其他一切人或物都為第三人稱。)
2. He wants to ___ a doctor and he can ___ soon.
4. 第三人稱he\she\it\單數(shù)名詞如a boy\ an apple\the bird等稱之為第三人稱單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞使用形式為is,遇到動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞后要加s或es形式;助動(dòng)詞用does。
e.g.— Where ___ the boy come from?
— The boy ___ from Japan. He ___ a student.
5. 助動(dòng)詞(do\does)的作用是幫助行為動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句,句中有了助動(dòng)詞就不能有be動(dòng)詞且句中的行為動(dòng)詞要用原型。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can\may)的作用是幫助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句,這里的動(dòng)詞可以是be動(dòng)詞也可以是行為動(dòng)詞,且句中的動(dòng)詞要用原型。
e.g. —____ Lucy ____ (go) to see a movie at weekend?
—No, she ______. But she can _____(watch) TV at home.
—But she ____(like) books better. Books can ____ (is) her best friend.
6. ●兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞相遇不能用其原型。此時(shí)后者動(dòng)詞必須加ing或加不定式to(to后的動(dòng)詞用原型)。即:V+Ving或 V+to+V.
其中一些特殊的動(dòng)詞后必須用ing形式,如enjoy doing\ have fun doing
其中一些特殊的動(dòng)詞后必須用to do形式,如want to do.
其中大部分的動(dòng)詞都是用to do形式,go\come等
還有一些特殊的動(dòng)詞后必須用原型,如let sb do sth\ help sb do sth
● 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞在介詞之后時(shí),必須用Ving形式。如of\about\at等
e.g. “Let’s ____ (go)____ (have) a trip on the hill. Boys can ____(help) girls ____(take) the bags. Then we play games _____ (enjoy) ourselves, I think we have fun ____(have) this trip. Tell your friends about ____(bring) more food _____(eat). Thank you for _____(listen).”
7.●形容詞形物主代詞有my(我的)\your(你【們】的)\his(他的)\her(她的)\its(它的)\their(他們的)\our(我們的),這些詞后面必須跟名詞, 它們相當(dāng)于名詞所有格。而名詞性無主代詞后絕對(duì)不可以跟名詞。
名詞所有格有兩種形式:名詞’s和名詞+of+名詞 如Mo Fan’s room=the room of Mo Fan the tree’s leaf=the leaf of the tree
e.g.1. This is _____.
A. a friend of mine B.mine friend C.a friend of me D.my a friend
2.I have a good friend, I teach_____(she) Chinese and_____(she) teaches me English.
●主語由I\we\he\she\it\they代詞的主格形式充當(dāng),或者由人或物(如Tom\the house\bananas)等具體的人\物充當(dāng);賓語由me\us\him\her\it\them代詞的賓格形式充當(dāng),也可以由人或物(如Tom\the house\bananas)等具體的人\物充當(dāng),賓格形式用于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后作為賓語。
e.g. 1.My family ____ (be) all at home today. (注:該句中的family是一個(gè)集體名詞,代表了整個(gè)集體,表示復(fù)數(shù)。還有其他的詞如police)
2._____Jack’s brother, I don’t know _____ name.
A. He’s ; he B. He ; he’s C. His; his D. He’s ; his
3.The teachers,____ are talking about ____ —a girl.
A. you; him B. he ; her C. you; she D .they; her
4.She ___ reading, she ____ some stories. He is a friend of ___(she).
A. like; tell he B. likes; tells him C. like ; tells him D. likes; tell he
8. this\that\these\those\there的區(qū)別與用法。這些詞都可以作為主語或者賓語。
this(這個(gè))的復(fù)數(shù)為these(這些);that(那個(gè))的復(fù)數(shù)為those(那些)
there指那兒的意思,there與be動(dòng)詞組合表示(那兒)有的意義。(其中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)后面的名詞決定。)
e.g.翻譯句子
那是一所小學(xué)。那兒有許多我的好朋友。
。ㄗ⒁猓翰灰鹱种鹁涞姆g,要根據(jù)句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)思考【主+謂+賓】、【主+系+表】等)
—那些是什么?
—它們是桔子。我家里有一些。
9.一般疑問句與特殊疑問句。
一般疑問句是指以be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞開頭的疑問句,問題的回答是yes\no;特殊疑問句是指以what\who\when\how\where \how many people\what language\how old等等特殊疑問詞開頭的疑問句。
陳述句改為一般疑問句:把be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞提到句首,句子其他成分不變。
e.g. Those beautiful flowers are that girl’s.(變一般疑問句并作否定回答)
改為特殊疑問句即對(duì)劃線部分提問,原則是把劃線部分替換為對(duì)應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞,be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞緊跟特殊疑問詞之后,句子其他成分不變。
e.g. There are 500 students in our school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
They often play football and read books in the school.
記憶:這(那)是什么?what is this(that)?
這(那)些是什么?what are these(those)?
e.g. —這是一個(gè)蘋果嗎? —不,不是。它是一個(gè)梨子。
—____ ____ an apple? —_____ , _____ ______. ____ _____ a pear. (注:一般疑問句用什么提問用什么回答。但是不能出現(xiàn)Yes,this(that) is.\No,this(that) isn’t. Yes,these(those) are\No,these(those) aren’t.等形式)
10.thanks to 幸好;幸虧;由于 thanks for因…而感謝
e.g. 1.Thanks ____ the photos ____ your family.
A. to; in B. of; of C. for; in D. for; of
2. .Thanks ????____ my diligence, my English starts to be good.
A. for B. to C. at D. of
11.family name 姓 first name 名 family tree 家譜
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