初三英語上冊知識點：交際用語(2)

　　重點詞組（詞）的辨析：

　　1. have to /must  不得不，必須

　　have to 強調(diào)客觀，must強調(diào)主觀。例：

　　Mother is ill. I have to look after her.

　　I must study hard.

　　have to有時態(tài)、人稱變化，否定問句結(jié)構(gòu)用助動詞。

　　have to → don't have to

　　has to → doesn't have to

　　had to → didn't have to

　　will have to → won't have to

　　must的否定式有mustn't和needn't，must只有一般現(xiàn)在時，needn't常作否定回答。

　　You mustn't eat in class. 上課不要吃東西。

　　Must I come here so early? 我必須這么早來嗎？

　　No, you needn't .  不，不必。

　　2. cost/pay for/ spend …on/in doing / take

　　花錢常用前三者，花時間常用后兩者，句式為：

　　Sth. costs (sb.) ＋money.

　　Sb. pays money for sth..

　　Sb. spends money on (in doing) sth.. 例：

　　The book cost me ten yuan.  我花10元錢買那本書。

　　I paid ten yuan for the book.

　　I spent ten yuan for /(in) buying the book.

　　take的句式為：

　　It takes sb. ＋time＋to do sth.. 例：

　　I spend much time on books.

　　我花很多時間讀書。

　　I spend much time (in) reading books.

　　It takes me much time to read books.

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