2021年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

　　中考網(wǎng)整理了關(guān)于2021年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們有所幫助，僅供參考。

　　主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

　　■含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，但變間接賓語為主語的情況較多。

　　主動(dòng)：Tom gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日那天湯姆送我一件禮物。

　　被動(dòng)：I was given a present by Tom on my birthday.

　　A present was given to me yesterday.

　　注意：如果把直接賓語（指物）改為主語，則在間接賓語（指人）前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。

　　1. 在下列動(dòng)詞后，通常在間接賓語前用介詞to：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, take,通tell等。

　　2. 在下列動(dòng)詞后，一般在間接賓語前用介詞for：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing等。

　　主動(dòng)：Mother made me a new skirt. 母親給我做了件襯衣。

　　被動(dòng)：A new skirt was made for me.

　　3. 由于某些動(dòng)詞與介詞有習(xí)慣搭配，既不用to也不用for, 而用別的介詞。如:

　　People all over the world know the Great Wall. 世界上的人都知道長城。

　　The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. （不用by短語）

　　4. 有時(shí)用間接賓語作主語講不通或不習(xí)慣，必須用直接賓語作主語。如：

　　Tom wrote me a letter．

　　誤：I was written a letter by Tom．

　　正：A letter was written to me by Tom．

　　類似的動(dòng)詞還有：return, send, pass, hand, sell, teach等。

　　■含復(fù)合賓語（賓語 賓補(bǔ)）的主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)句中的賓語改為主語，而賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在謂語動(dòng)詞后面成為主語補(bǔ)足語。如：

　　We always keep the classroom clean. 我們總是保持教室清潔。

　　The classroom is always kept clean. 教室總是保持清潔的。

　　They asked me to help them. 他們叫我?guī)椭�他們�?br />
　　I was asked to help them. 我被他們叫去幫忙了。

　　We saw them playing football. 我們看到他們?cè)谔咦闱颉?br />
　　They were seen playing football. 他們被人看見在踢足球。

　　注意：

　　1. 在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式都不帶to，但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后要加上to。

　　We often hear her sing. 我們經(jīng)常聽到她唱歌。

　　She is often heard to sing. 經(jīng)常有人聽到她唱歌。

　　2. 如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是名詞，變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，不要誤把賓語補(bǔ)足語的名詞作主語。如：

　　We called him an ass. 我們叫他傻瓜。

　　誤：As ass was called him.

　　正：He was called an ass.
 

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