直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱(chēng)代詞要根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述人的立場(chǎng)作相應(yīng)變動(dòng)。人稱(chēng)代詞的變動(dòng)情況要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及轉(zhuǎn)述人的不同作相應(yīng)變化，一般情況下，與漢語(yǔ)中的變化相同�？捎涀∫粋�(gè)口訣：“一主、二賓、三不變”。即第一人稱(chēng)按照主句中的主語(yǔ)變化，第二人稱(chēng)按照主句中的賓語(yǔ)變化，第三人稱(chēng)一般不需要變化。
1當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)
直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)用that引導(dǎo)，但在口語(yǔ)中that可以省去。從句中的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要作相應(yīng)的變化。例如：
She said to me, “I came back an hour ago.”
→She said to/told me that she had come back an hour before.
2當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)
1、原句若為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用whether或if 轉(zhuǎn)述;原句若為選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用whether…or…/…or not;原句若為反意疑問(wèn)句，則常用whether或if 轉(zhuǎn)述。
2、疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。
3、主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為said時(shí)，要改為asked;沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)(如me，him等)。
4、句末用句號(hào)。
5、從句中的人稱(chēng)、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和狀語(yǔ)等也要作相應(yīng)的變化。
He said, “Are you interested in English?”
→He asked (me) if /whether I was interested in English.
I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?”
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
“You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked.
→She asked (me) whether/if I had already got well.
3當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)
如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍用原句中的wh-類(lèi)的詞引導(dǎo)，其余的變化同直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句的情況2—5條一樣。例如：
“What is your name?” he asked me.
→He asked me what my name was.
He asked: “Where are you to get off, Peter?”
→He asked Peter where he was to get off.
如果在直接引語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中，疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的修飾語(yǔ)，則語(yǔ)序不需要變化。例如：
“Whose picture is the most beautiful in your class?” asked the boy’s father.
→The boy’s father asked him whose picture was the most beautiful in his class.
4當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句時(shí)
直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)可用如下的結(jié)構(gòu)“主語(yǔ)+asked/advised sb. (not) to do sth.”。
1、需將原祈使句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成不定式。如果祈使句為否定句，則用不定式的否定形式，即在不定式前加not。
2、原主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said須改為asked，told，ordered，warned或advised等含有祈使意義的能帶賓補(bǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞。
3、原句有“please”時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)多用asked(請(qǐng)求)，并去掉please。例如：
He said to me, “Shut the window, please.”
→He asked me to shut the window.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise.”
→He told us not to make so much noise.
如果以let開(kāi)頭的祈使句表示勸告或建議，可用“suggest + that從句”或“suggest doing”來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)述。例如：
“Let’s go to the cinema.” Tom said.
→Tom suggested that they (should) go to the cinema.
→Tom suggested going to the cinema.
5直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)
直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍可用what或how引導(dǎo)，詞序不變，也可用that引導(dǎo)，將句子變成相應(yīng)的名詞性從句。例如：
She said, “What a lovely day it is!”
→She said what a lovely day it was.
→She said that it was a lovely day.
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