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2023年初中英語(yǔ):?肌皶r(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 句型”

來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-11-17 13:11:30

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必背句型

句型1:There+be +主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)/ 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

There're three books on the table.

桌子上有三本書(shū)。

句型2:What's wrong with+sb./sth.?

What's wrong with your telephone?

你的手機(jī)有什么毛病?

句型3:How do you like…?

How do you like China?你覺(jué)得中國(guó)怎么樣?

句型4:What do you like about…?

What do you like about China?

你喜歡中國(guó)的什么?

句型5:had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形

You'd better ask that policeman over there.

你最好去問(wèn)問(wèn)那邊的那個(gè)警察。

句型7:Thank+sb.+for (doing) sth.

Thank you for coming to see me.

感謝你來(lái)看我。

句型8:So+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

He is a student. So am I.

他是一個(gè)學(xué)生,我也是。

句型9:not…until…

He didn't have supper until his parents came back.

直到他的父母回來(lái)他才吃飯。

句型10:比較級(jí)十a(chǎn)nd+比較級(jí)

The baby cried harder and harder.

那孩子哭得越來(lái)越厲害。

句型11:the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)

The more one has,the more one wants.

擁有的越多,想要的越多。

句型12:…as+adj./adv.+as…

…not as(so)+adj./adv.+as…

Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today.

上個(gè)星期天的天氣不如今天的天氣潮濕。

句型13:more/less +adj.+than…

I think art is less important than music.

我認(rèn)為藝術(shù)不如音樂(lè)重要。

句型14:stop…from doing sth.

The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.

綠色長(zhǎng)城將阻擋風(fēng)吹走土壤。

句型15:both…and…

Both you and I are students.

我和你都是學(xué)生。

句型16:either…or…

Either you or he is wrong.

不是你錯(cuò)就是他錯(cuò)。

句型17:neither…nor…

Neither he nor I am a student.

我和他都不是學(xué)生。

句型18:…as soon as…

As soon as I see him, I'll give him the message.

我一見(jiàn)到他就把你的消息告訴他。

句型19:so+adj./adv.+that…

I was so tired that I didn't want to speak.

我累得連話也不想說(shuō)了。

句型20:Though…十主句

Though I like writing to my pen-friend,it takes a lot of time.

雖然我喜歡給筆友寫(xiě)信,但它要耗費(fèi)我大量時(shí)間。

句型21:be going to

This afternoon I'm going to buy an English book.

今天下午我要去買(mǎi)本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。

句型22:be different from

I think this is different from Chinese names.

我認(rèn)為這與漢語(yǔ)名字不同。

句型23:Welcome (back) to…

Welcome back to school!

歡迎回到學(xué)校!

句型24:have fun doing

We're going to have fun learning English this term.

這學(xué)期我們將興味盎然地學(xué)習(xí)講英語(yǔ)。

句型25:…because…/…, so..…

I don't know all your names because this is our first lesson.

因?yàn)檫@是我們的第一節(jié)課,所以我并不知道你們所有人的名字。

句型26:Why don't you…/ Why not…?

Why don't you come to school a little earlier?

為什么不早點(diǎn)到校呢?

句型27:make it

Let's make it half past nine.

讓我們定在九點(diǎn)半吧!

句型28:have nothing to do

They have nothing to do every day.

他們每天無(wú)所事事。

句型29:be sure/be sure of/ about sth. /be sure to do sth.

I was not sure of/about the way, so I asked someone.

我對(duì)于怎么走沒(méi)有把握,所以我問(wèn)別人了。

句型30:between…and…

There is a shop between the hospital and the school.

在那家醫(yī)院和那所學(xué)校之間有一家商店。

句型31:keep sb. /sth. +adj. /V-ing /介詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ) /adv.

You must keep your classroom clean.

你們必須保持教室干凈。

Sorry to have kept you waiting.

對(duì)不起,讓你久等。

句型32:find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)

He finds it very hard to travel around the big city.他發(fā)現(xiàn)要環(huán)游這個(gè)大城市是很難的。

句型33:…not…any more / longer

The old man doesn't travel any more.

這位老人不再旅行了。

句型34:What's the weather like…?

What's the weather like in spring in your hometown?

在你們家鄉(xiāng),春天天氣怎么樣?

句型35:There is no time to do/have no time to do

There was no time to think.

沒(méi)有時(shí)間思考。

I have no time to go home for lunch.

我沒(méi)有時(shí)間回家吃午飯。

句型36:Help oneself to…

Help yourself to some fish.

吃魚(yú)吧!

句型37:used to do

I used to read this kind of story books.

我過(guò)去常讀這種故事書(shū)。

句型38:borrow…from

I borrowed a book from him.

我從他那借了一本書(shū)。

句型39:lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb.

He lent me a story book/He lent a story book to me.

他借了本故事書(shū)給我。

句型40:have been to

Have you ever been to Hawaii?

你曾去過(guò)夏威夷嗎?

句型41:have gone to

Where's he? He's gone to Washington.

他在哪兒?他去華盛頓了。

句型42:be famous for

Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.夏威夷以它美麗的海灘而出名。

句型43:No matter+疑問(wèn)句+主句

No matter when you come,you are welcomed.

無(wú)論你們什么時(shí)候來(lái),都受歡迎。

句型44:be afraid (of/to do/that..)

Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.

當(dāng)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。

句型45:…as…as possible/…as…as sb. can

I hope to see him as soon as possible.

我希望能盡快見(jiàn)到他。

He ran here as fast as he could.

他盡最大努力跑到這兒。

句型46:practise /enjoy/finish doing

Tom enjoys playing football very much.

湯姆很喜歡踢足球。

He finished reading the story book.

他看完了那本故事書(shū)。

句型47:ask sb. (not) to do sth.

Her mother ask her to clean the room.

她媽媽叫她打掃房間。

句型48:be worth (doing) …

This book is worth reading.

這本書(shū)值得讀。

句型49:seem to do / seem +adj. / (介詞短語(yǔ))

He seems to be angry.

他似乎生氣了。

The house seems too noisy.

這房子似乎太吵了。

句型50:It's said that…

It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.

據(jù)說(shuō)大白鯊是最危險(xiǎn)的鯊魚(yú)之一。

8 大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1、概念:表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況;有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況;總是發(fā)生的;事實(shí)真理。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式)

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+am / is / are+not+其他;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加 don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),則用 doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 提問(wèn),如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),則用 does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞。

eg:

①I(mǎi)t seldom snows here. 這里很少下雪。

②He is always ready to help others. 他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。

③Action speaks louder than words. 事實(shí)勝雄辯。

二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1.概念:過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式或 be 的過(guò)去式+名詞

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was / were+not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:was 或 were 放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 的過(guò)去式 did 提問(wèn),同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

eg:

①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來(lái)幫助我們。

②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你這么忙。

三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+will / shall+do+其它

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+am /is/ are not going to+do;主語(yǔ)+will / shall not do+其它

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大寫(xiě))

eg:

①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將在學(xué)習(xí)中與我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。

四、一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念:立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻,從過(guò)去看將來(lái),常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+was / were+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would / should+do+其它

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/should+not+do.

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首

eg:

①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。

②I asked who was going there. 我問(wèn),誰(shuí)要去那里。

五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+be+doing+其它

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+be+not+doing+其它

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

eg:

①Are you feeling good today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?

②He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。

六、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念:表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)+was / were+doing+其它

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+doing+其它

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě))

eg:

①At that time she was working in a company. 那段時(shí)間她在一家公司工作。

②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),我正在讀報(bào)紙。

七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.概念:過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段,recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+have / has+過(guò)去分詞+其它

4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+have / has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其它

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:have 或 has 放句首。

eg:

①I(mǎi)'ve written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一篇論文。

②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年,農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1.概念:過(guò)去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):had+done.

4.否定形式:had+not+done.

5.一般疑問(wèn)句:had 放于句首。

6.用法:

(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。

eg:

She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)巴黎。

(2)在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先,用過(guò)去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

eg:

①When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí),小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/p>

(3)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示'原本…,未能…'。

eg:

①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來(lái),但是你沒(méi)有來(lái)。

②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開(kāi)門(mén),他就打了我。

(注意:had hardly… when... 剛......就......)

③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買(mǎi)了這輛車(chē),轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣(mài)了。

(注意:had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……)

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