來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-03-29 15:53:36
1. 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來判定:一般說來,各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:
( 1 ) by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.( 2 ) by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.( 3 ) before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由“過去的過去”來判定:過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去”,是指過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的用過去完成時(shí),在后的用一般過去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在:
( 1 )賓語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過去時(shí),且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí),從句要用過去完成時(shí)。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。She said that she had seen the film before.
( 2 )狀語(yǔ)從句中在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中,主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的,要用過去完成時(shí),動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過去時(shí)。When I got to the station, the train had already left.After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意:before, after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系,若主、從句表示的動(dòng)作緊密相連,則主、從句都用一般過去時(shí)。如:Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
( 3 )表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…,未能…"We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根據(jù)上、下文來判定。I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
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