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來源：網(wǎng)絡資源 2023-08-15 16:22:40
定語：修飾名詞或代詞的單詞、短語、句子。它被翻譯為"……的"。定語有時候放在被修飾詞的前面，有時候放在被修飾詞的后面，如：
red flowers
the man on the left
定語從句：定語是一個句子，叫做定語從句。定語從句是后置定語的一種，只能放在被修飾詞的后面，所以被它修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。我們早在試卷中接觸過定語從句，如信息填寫題的題目：
The time that the story takes place;
The place that they found the boy;
The person who looked after the old man;
The purpose that the writer wrote this passage;
The number of suggestions that the writer has given.
中考考點：1 能識別定語從句;2 能準確使用定語從句的引導詞。
下面，我們正式進入含有定語從句(下面簡稱"定從")的主從復合句的學習。
認識定從
一、請翻譯下列句子，并劃出每句的主句和定從。
1 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.
2 The young man that wears glasses is my math teacher.
3 We are proud of Liu Yang who is the first Chinese woman astronaut.
4 This is the most interesting book that he has ever read.
5 The movie that we saw last night is wonderful.
6 Qing Yu Nian is a TV play which is hot these days.
二、請找出各句的先行詞和定從的引導詞。
三、小結：
當先行詞是人，引導詞可以是：________________________
當先行詞不是人，引導詞可以是_________________________
定從在句中的位置:
_______________________________________________
定從的時態(tài)：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句限制，該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。
定從的引導詞什么時候可以省略，什么時候不可以省略
一、觀察下面四個句子，把主句和從句還原成兩個獨立的句子。
1. Here comes the man who wants to see you.
如：第一句可以拆分為：Here comes the man. The man wants to see you.
2 This is the person (who) you are looking for.
3 Mary likes the music which is quiet and gentle.
4 The film (that) we saw last night is very interesting.
二、觀察拆分后的定從，引導詞所替代的先行詞在句中作什么成分?(主語/賓語)
三、小結：如果引導詞在定從中作主語，引導詞不可省略;如果引導詞在定從中作賓語，可以被省略。
引導詞的其他規(guī)則(需反復記憶至熟練為止)
一、如果先行詞與定從的主語存在從屬關系，先行詞不管是人還是物，引導詞用whose，如(請觀察并理解何為從屬關系)：
This is the little boy whose father is a policeman. 這就是那個爸爸是警察的小男孩。
The house whose windows are red is very large. 那所房子非常大，它的窗子是紅色的。
二、先行詞與引導詞之間有介詞，先行詞是人，引導詞只能用whom;先行詞與引導詞 之間有介詞，先行詞非人，引導詞只能用which。如：
This is the bad boy about whom his parents worried too much.
I loved the school in which I studied three years ago.
三、先行詞是代詞those時，先判斷它指代的是人還是物，指人，引導詞用who，指物，引導詞用which。請選出下列兩題的答案：
()I don't like those ________ talk much but do little.
A which B whose C who
()The sleeping tigers are bigger than those __________ are trained there.
A which B whose C who
四、引導詞只能用that的情況。
1 當先行詞包括人和物時，如the man and his dog/Lu Xun and his articles等;
2 當先行詞是something, everything, anything, nothing, few, little, all, much, none等不定代詞時;
3 當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時;
4 當先行詞指物，且被the only, the very, the last, all the等修飾時;
5 當主句是以疑問代詞開頭的特殊疑問句時，如：
Who is the girl that won the first place in 200 meters? 贏了200米第一名的女孩是誰?
中考真題測試
1 There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week. (2012廣東中考)
A who B when C what D which
2 The young lady _________ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. (2013廣東中考)
A who B whose C which D whom
3 When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______ he did was to look for some food. (2014廣東中考)
A who B that C which D whom
4 Running Man is a very relaxing TV program _______ is hot among the young people. (2015廣東中考)
A what B which C who D whom
5 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything ________
comes into sight is so new to me. (2016廣東中考)
A that B which C who D whom
6 According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. (2017廣東中考)
A which B whom C whose D who
7 Not all children ________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. (2019廣東中考)
A whom B which C who D whose
鞏固練習：
一、單項選擇
1 People are talking about the old houses _______ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years
ago.
A which B where C who
2 -- Do you know Mo Yan?
-- Of course. He is the famous writer _______ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A who B whom C which
3 Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _________ daughter went to college at the age of 14.
A what B who C whose D that
4 It's bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has new furniture in it .
A who B where C that D whose
5 The Palace Museum is the best place _______ I've ever visited.
A that B which C where D what
6 She is the girl _________ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A who B whose C that D whom
7 The WeChat is an invention _________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A which B who C whose D what
8 Being blind(瞎的) is something _________ most people can't imagine.
A who B what C that D whom
9 Most of the parents will do anything ________ they can do for their children.
A that B what C which D when
10 He is the only student _______ can answer all the questions.
A that B which C what D when
二、完成句子
1 那個戴著眼鏡的女孩是貝蒂。
The girl _________________________________________________________ is Betty.
2 我所看見的那個年輕人長著短頭發(fā)。
The young man ______________________________________________ had short hair.
3 警察正在搜查偷了她錢包的賊。(偷：steal-stole- stolen)
The police are looking for the thief ___________________________________________.
4 昨天破壞門的孩子是湯姆。
The kid ___________________________________________________________ is Tom.
5 多數(shù)被偷的小汽車還未能找到。
Most of the cars _____________________________________ haven't been found yet.
6 他有一臺電腦，這臺電腦是他的父母給他買的。
He has a computer ________________________________________________________.
7 其中的一個故事是關于他爸爸的，他爸爸一直對他要求很嚴格。
One of the stories is about his father _______________________________________.
8 那個女孩學習很刻苦，她的爸爸是位醫(yī)生。
The girl ______________________________________________________ studies hard.
9 開著窗戶的那間教室是九班。
The classroom _______________________________________________ is Class 9.
10 我所能為你做的一切就是陪著你。
All ____________________________________________________ is to stay with you.
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