來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-10-01 20:31:34
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義
1)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生或者進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,如:
Please don’t make so much noise, I’m studying.
請(qǐng)不要發(fā)出噪音,我正在學(xué)習(xí)。
2)表示在現(xiàn)在相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但是說(shuō)話一刻不一定在做的動(dòng)作,如:
He is building his own house.
他正在建他自己的房子。
這些動(dòng)作,在說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行,而是在包括說(shuō)話的一剎那在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的。
3)表示最近的確定的安排,如:
A: Ann is coming tomorrow.
安明天要來(lái)。
B: Oh, is she? What time is she arriving?
哦,是嗎?她什么時(shí)候到?
A: At 10:15.
10點(diǎn)一刻。
A: Are you meeting her at the station?
你會(huì)去車(chē)站接她嗎?
B: I can’t. I’m working tomorrow morning.
不行,我明天上午要工作。
以上句子也可以用 be going to (do) 的形式來(lái)表示。但是談?wù)撘汛_定的安排時(shí)候,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)顯得更加自然,除非受到動(dòng)詞的功能的限制。
在此,切不可用 will
如:Alex is getting married next month.
不能用 will get married.
4) 和 always 連用表示某種情緒,可能是厭煩也可能是贊揚(yáng),如:
Tom is always going away for weekends.
湯姆周末總是外出。
現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成
1)動(dòng)詞以單個(gè) e 結(jié)尾去掉 e, 加 ing,如:
love _loving
argue _ arguing
2)動(dòng)詞以 —ee 結(jié)尾直接加 ing,如:
agree_ agreeing
see _ seeing
3)動(dòng)詞為單音節(jié):以單一元音字母 + 單一輔音字母結(jié)尾輔音字母雙寫(xiě),再加 ing,如:
hit _ hitting
run _running
4)動(dòng)詞為雙音節(jié)或者多音節(jié):最后一個(gè)音節(jié)為重讀音節(jié),以單一元音字母 + 單一輔音字母結(jié)尾輔音字母雙寫(xiě),再加 ing,如:
begin _ beginning
admit _ admitting
5)以 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加 ing,如:
carry _ carrying
enjoy _ enjoying
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成
圖片
1)肯定式:be + v-ing
She is singing in the next room.
2)否定式:be+not+v-ing
The students aren’t cleaning the room.
3)一般問(wèn)句:be 動(dòng)詞提前。
肯定答語(yǔ) Yes,主語(yǔ) + be。
否定答語(yǔ)No,主語(yǔ)+be not。
Are you playing the computer game?
Yes, I am. /No, I am not.
4)特殊問(wèn)句:對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的:What + be +主語(yǔ) + doing + 其他?
What is the old man doing under the tree?
對(duì)其他成份進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的,疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?
Where is the boy swimming?
與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別
1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性,而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性
I am watching TV now. (暫時(shí)性)
I watch TV every day. (經(jīng)常性)
2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示短暫性動(dòng)作,而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示長(zhǎng)久性動(dòng)作
Lucy is living in Beijing.(短時(shí)間居住)
Lucy lives in Beijing. (長(zhǎng)久性居住)
3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作可帶有感情色彩,而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)所表述的動(dòng)作通常是事實(shí)
You’re always forgetting the most important things. (責(zé)備)
He is always helping others.(贊揚(yáng))
He often helps others. (事實(shí))
4)有些動(dòng)詞不能用進(jìn)行時(shí),know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice,等等。
這些動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
I have a lot of friends here.
She wants to buy a new bike.
真題演練
1.【江蘇省淮安】—What is your mother doing, Linda?
—She ___________dinner in the kitchen now.
A. is cooking
B. was cooking
C. cook
D. cooking
2.【江西省】—Hurry up!
—One moment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready to go.
A. read
B. am reading
C. was reading
D. have read
3.【甘肅省蘭州市】Peter with his classmates ____ for the bus when the earthquake happened.
A. is waiting
B. was waiting
C. are waiting
D. were waiting
4. 【溫州市】—Linda, Dad has finished his work and we ___________ to the gym to pick you up.
—Thank you, Mum.
A. drive
B. drove
C. have driven
D. are driven
【答案及解析】
1. A【解析】句意:—— Linda,你的母親正在做什么?——她現(xiàn)在正在廚房里做晚飯。A. is cooking 正在做,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);B.was cooking 正在做,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí);C.cook 做,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);D.cooking 做,現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)上文 What is your mother doing, Linda? 可知下文用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是 be doing 的形式。主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be 動(dòng)詞用 is。根據(jù)題意,故選 A。
2. B【解析】句意:——快點(diǎn)!——馬上,我在讀電子郵件,我準(zhǔn)備走了。根據(jù) read 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),am reading 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),was reading 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu), have read 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù) One moment.和 then I’m ready to go.可知是我正在讀,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);故選 B。
3. B【解析】句意:地震發(fā)生時(shí),彼得和同學(xué)正在等公共汽車(chē)。選項(xiàng) A/C 是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);選項(xiàng) B/D 是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù) when the earthquake happened.地震發(fā)生時(shí)。彼得和同學(xué)正在等公共汽車(chē)。這一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,因此句子 Peter with his classmates ____ for the bus 應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),排除 A、C;又因?yàn)?Peter with his classmates 中的 with 表示伴隨,因此本題的主語(yǔ)是 Peter,為單數(shù),所以 be 動(dòng)詞用 was。故選 B。
4. D【解析】句意:——Linda,爸爸下班了,我們就要開(kāi)車(chē)去健身房接你。——謝謝你們,媽媽?疾楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。A. drive 駕駛、開(kāi)車(chē),動(dòng)詞原形;B.drove 過(guò)去式;C.have driven 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);D.are driving 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)Linda,Dad has finished his work and we _____ to the gym to pick you up.可知,前半句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,即爸爸的工作已完成,那么現(xiàn)在的話就是要開(kāi)車(chē)去接你,所以這里應(yīng)該是“就要開(kāi)車(chē)去接你”;drive 可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。故答案選 D。
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