2024年初中英語主要時態(tài)： 過去將來時常見句型

常見句型

1、賓語從句中

當(dāng)主句動詞采用一般過去時的時候，其賓語從句中的謂語動詞如果原本該用一般將來時的，但要改為過去將來時。這種用法主要出現(xiàn)在間接引語中。

I asked the man opposite if he would open the door.

我問對面的人他愿意不愿意開門。

I always said he would wind up in jail.

我常說他到頭來非進(jìn)監(jiān)獄不可。

2、虛擬條件句中

在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，其主句動詞往往要采用would do的用法。

If he were you, he would reconsider my proposal.

他要是你，他會重新考慮我的建議。

He would pass out if he took one more drink.

要是他再喝一杯酒的話，他就會醉倒了。

3、as if/though引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣句型中

as if/though表示好像，其引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞要采用虛擬語氣，所以有的句子就要采用would do的用法。

I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.

我覺得自己高興得心花怒放。

He felt as though he would faint out.

他感覺彷佛要昏過去了。

4、would rather句型中

would rather do表示寧愿做什么。

We would rather die than surrender.

我們寧死而不投降。

I would rather die than live in disgrace.

我寧可死，也不愿忍辱偷生。

5、would like to句型中

would like to do表示想要做什么。

I would like to have a word with you.

我想同你說句話。)

Many people would like to take holidays abroad.

許多人愿意到國外度假。

典型錯例分析

1. 我們不知道他是否要在會上發(fā)言。

誤：We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.

正：We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.

析：該句主句為過去時，且賓語從句表示從過去某個時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作，所以從句要用過去將來時態(tài)。

2. 老師問湯姆長大后準(zhǔn)備干什么。

誤：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.

正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.

析：在時間狀語從句中，常用一般過去時表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動作。

3. 他們說如果下星期天不下雨他們就去農(nóng)場。

誤：They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.

正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday.

析：在條件狀語從句中，也常用一般過去時表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動作。

4. 王林打電話告訴她媽媽，她要買一些書。

誤：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.

正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.

析：過去將來時可以由"助動詞should/would+動詞原形"構(gòu)成，但should一般只用于第一人稱。而would可用于各種人稱。

5. 上次我見到你時，你正打算開始乘火車去西藏。

誤：Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.

正：Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.

析：last time是一般過去時或過去將來時的顯著標(biāo)志。

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