2024年初中英語(yǔ)主要時(shí)態(tài)： 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常見句型

常見句型

1、賓語(yǔ)從句中

當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞采用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，其賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果原本該用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的，但要改為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。這種用法主要出現(xiàn)在間接引語(yǔ)中。

I asked the man opposite if he would open the door.

我問(wèn)對(duì)面的人他愿意不愿意開門。

I always said he would wind up in jail.

我常說(shuō)他到頭來(lái)非進(jìn)監(jiān)獄不可。

2、虛擬條件句中

在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，其主句動(dòng)詞往往要采用would do的用法。

If he were you, he would reconsider my proposal.

他要是你，他會(huì)重新考慮我的建議。

He would pass out if he took one more drink.

要是他再喝一杯酒的話，他就會(huì)醉倒了。

3、as if/though引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型中

as if/though表示好像，其引導(dǎo)的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以有的句子就要采用would do的用法。

I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.

我覺得自己高興得心花怒放。

He felt as though he would faint out.

他感覺彷佛要昏過(guò)去了。

4、would rather句型中

would rather do表示寧愿做什么。

We would rather die than surrender.

我們寧死而不投降。

I would rather die than live in disgrace.

我寧可死，也不愿忍辱偷生。

5、would like to句型中

would like to do表示想要做什么。

I would like to have a word with you.

我想同你說(shuō)句話。)

Many people would like to take holidays abroad.

許多人愿意到國(guó)外度假。

典型錯(cuò)例分析

1. 我們不知道他是否要在會(huì)上發(fā)言。

誤：We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.

正：We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.

析：該句主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，且賓語(yǔ)從句表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以從句要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

2. 老師問(wèn)湯姆長(zhǎng)大后準(zhǔn)備干什么。

誤：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.

正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.

析：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

3. 他們說(shuō)如果下星期天不下雨他們就去農(nóng)場(chǎng)。

誤：They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.

正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday.

析：在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，也常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

4. 王林打電話告訴她媽媽，她要買一些書。

誤：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.

正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.

析：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)可以由"助動(dòng)詞should/would+動(dòng)詞原形"構(gòu)成，但should一般只用于第一人稱。而would可用于各種人稱。

5. 上次我見到你時(shí)，你正打算開始乘火車去西藏。

誤：Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.

正：Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.

析：last time是一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的顯著標(biāo)志。

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