一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
標(biāo)志：動(dòng)詞原形
1. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常與表頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：
She often speaks English.
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2. 表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征、職業(yè)、能力、感覺等：
He seems to feel a bit down today.
He works as a driver.
3. 表示真理、客觀存在、科學(xué)事實(shí)或用于格言警句中：
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the earth is round.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
4. 表示現(xiàn)在瞬間的動(dòng)作：
Here comes the bus!
5. 表示將來(lái)
1) 表按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng)、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的趨向動(dòng)詞），可以與表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通狀況。如：
The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run?
2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情：
When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me.
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.
2
一般過(guò)去時(shí)
標(biāo)志：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式
*閉音節(jié)：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果發(fā)字母本來(lái)的音則稱為開音節(jié)，否則稱為閉音節(jié)。
1. 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等）。如：
Jim rang you just now.
Liu Ying was in America last year.
2. 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，特別是used to do表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的就是過(guò)去常常。如：
When I was a kid, I often played football in the street.
She used to visit her mother once a week.
*注意區(qū)分sb. used to do sth.（某人過(guò)去常常做某事，此處to是動(dòng)詞不定式標(biāo)志符號(hào)）和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.（某人習(xí)慣于某物/做某事，此處to是介詞）。
3. 代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。此用法僅適用于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞（如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等）及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, would。如：
I wondered if you could have a word with me.
I hoped you could help me with my English.
Would you mind my sitting here?
4. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用句型有：
It is time that sb. did sth. “某人該做某事了”
would rather sb. did sth. “寧愿某人做某事”
3
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
標(biāo)志：will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形
1. 表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（e.g. tomorrow, next week, in the future等）。如：
We shall have a lot of rain next month.
My husband will come back in a few days.
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